Erna Pinner
Painter, IllustratorErna Pinner came from a Jewish family in Frankfurt. She studied art in Frankfurt, Berlin and Paris.
Erwin Piscator
Theater director, Film directorAs a producer in the theatres of Berlin, Erwin Piscator made intensive use of materials. He used large iron structures, projected films or motorised bridges.
Friedrich Polnauer
Engineer, MusicianFriedrich Polnauer was gifted both musically and technically. After losing his job as an engineer in Berlin in 1930 as a result of the Depression and subsequently setting up as a freelance inventor, he began private violin studies at the Klindworth-Scharwenka Conservatory.
Hans Marsilius Purrmann
Painter, Graphic designer, [EN] Kunstschriftsteller, SammlerBy the time he went into exile in 1933, Hans Marsilius Purrmann was already a well-travelled, experienced painter. In 1905, he met Max Liebermann, Max Slevogt, Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse in Berlin.
Carl Rabus
Graphic designer, PainterCarl Rabus first made a name for himself with graphic art in the 1920s: lino- and woodcuts and illustrations influenced by expressionism. Later came watercolours and oil paintings of landscapes, cities and people.
Max Reinhardt
Actor, Theater directorThe actor and director Max Reinhardt founded the theatre Salzburger Festspiele in 1920, ran several theatres in Berlin and was artistic director of Vienna’s Theater in der Josefstadt from 1924 to 1933. A great many actors performed there after 1933 who, like Max Reinhardt himself, no longer wanted to or were allowed to perform in Germany.
Walter Reisch
Screenwriter, Film directorVienna-born Walter Reisch established his first contacts in the film industry while still a student. At 17 he was Director's Assistant to Alexander Korda and wrote his first comedy; later he made screenwriting his profession.
Erich Maria Remarque
WriterWriter Erich Maria Remarque left Germany and settled in Switzerland as early as April 1932. This was to escape an order of punishment for a monetary offence.
Emy Roeder
BildhauerinThe sculptor Emy Roeder learned her craft in her hometown of Würzburg, as well as in Munich and Darmstadt. In the 1920s she successfully established herself in Berlin as an expressionist artist.
Khalil Rostamkhani
WriterAlready as a 16-year-old, the Iranian writer Khalil Rostamkhani took part in the 1969 protests against the Shah's regime. Three years later he went to study in England.
